Description: Magsum contains Magnesium Oxide (MgO) with an empirical formula of MgO. It is made up of a lattice of Mg²⁺ and O²⁻ ions held together by ionic bonds. Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body and plays a critical role as the second most important intracellular cation.

Magnesium is a vital cofactor in numerous enzymatic reactions, particularly in neuromuscular functions. It also plays key roles in bone metabolism, ATP metabolism, neurotransmitter release, vascular tone regulation, heart rhythm maintenance, and in preventing platelet-activated thrombosis.

In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), magnesium homeostasis may become imbalanced, making it essential for healthcare providers to understand magnesium's role in these conditions.

Composition: Each film-coated tablet contains 400 mg of light Magnesium Oxide, equivalent to 241.2 mg of elemental magnesium (19.6 mEq).

Indications: Magsum is indicated for the management of hypomagnesemia associated with:

• Acute kidney injury
• New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) / Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM)
• Post-renal transplant conditions
• Tacrolimus therapy

Hypomagnesemia is defined by serum magnesium levels below:

• 0.7 mmol/L
• 1.4 mEq/L
• 1.7 mg/dL

Magnesium supplementation is required when deficiency is symptomatic or magnesium levels persistently fall below 1.25 mg/dL (0.50 mmol/L).

Dosage & Administration: The recommended dose is 1 to 2 tablets orally per day until serum magnesium levels reach 2.5-3.0 mg/dL. Treatment is indicated when serum magnesium levels drop below 1.25 mg/dL (0.50 mmol/L).

Warnings:

• This medication contains magnesium oxide. Do not take if allergic to magnesium oxide or any other ingredient in this drug.
• Keep out of reach of children. In case of overdose, seek medical assistance immediately.

Precautions:

• Pregnancy & Lactation: Magnesium oxide use is generally safe during pregnancy. Controlled studies show no risk to the fetus. The recommended daily intake of elemental magnesium during pregnancy is 350-400 mg.
• During breastfeeding, magnesium oxide is distributed into breast milk. A daily intake of 310-360 mg of elemental magnesium is recommended.

Contraindications: Patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min [0.5 mL/s]) are at risk of hypermagnesemia or heart block.

Adverse Reactions: Oral magnesium supplements are typically safe and well-tolerated. Some individuals may experience nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Overdosing may lead to hypotension and muscle weakness.

Storage: Store in a dry place at a temperature below 30°C. Protect from light.